| Element | Electron Configuration/Emission Spectrum | Common Compound(s)/Application(s) |
|---|---|---|
| 5 Boron (B) |
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~ Nitride (BN)/Cutting Steel Sodium Borate (Borax, Na2B4O7 10H2O)/Laundry AidBoric Acid (H3BO3)/Eyewash, Antiseptic, Insecticide |
| 13 Aluminum (Al) |
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~ Oxide (Al2O3)/Sandpaper, Grinding Tool ~ Oxide + Chromium/Ruby ~ Oxide + Iron, Titanium/Sapphire ~/Airplane Wings, Cook Wares, etc. |
| 31 Gallium (Ga) |
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~ Arsenide (GaAs)/Laser Diode, Light-emitting Diode (LED) ~/Computer Chips, Neutrino Detector |
| 49 Indium (In) |
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~ Tin Oxide (90% In2O3 + 10% SnO3)/LCD Screen ~/High Vacuum Sealer, Nuclear Reactor Control |
| 81 Thallium (Tl) |
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~ Sulfide (Tl2SO4)/Infrared Detector ~ Tl201 (1/2 Life = 73 hrs)/Heart Disease Diagonsis |